CEFTAZIDIME KABI POWDER FOR SOLUTION FOR INJECTION 1G/VIAL [SIN15074P]

Product Info

CEFTAZIDIME KABI POWDER FOR SOLUTION FOR INJECTION 1G/VIAL

[SIN15074P]

Indication

Therapeutic indications

Ceftazidime is indicated for the treatment of single or multiple infections caused by susceptible organisms.
May be used alone as first choice drug before the results of sensitivity tests are available.
May be used in combination with an aminoglycoside or most other beta-lactam antibiotics.
May be used with an antibiotic against anaerobes when the presence of Bacteroides fragilis is suspected.
Susceptibility to ceftazidime will vary with geography and time and local susceptibility data should be consulted where available.

Indications include:

• Severe infections e.g.

  • septicaemia, bacteraemia, peritonitis, meningitis

  • infections in immunosuppressed patients

  • infections in patients in intensive care, e.g. infected burns

• Respiratory tract infections including lung infections in cystic fibrosis

• Ear, nose and throat infections

• Urinary tract infections

• Skin and soft tissue infections

• Gastrointestinal, biliary and abdominal infections

• Bone and joint infections

• Infections associated with haemo- and peritoneal dialysis and with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)

• Prophylaxis: prostatic surgery (transurethral resection).

Dosing

Posology and method of administration

Dosage depends on the severity, sensitivity, site and type of infection and upon the age and renal function of the patient.
Use ceftazidime by intravenous (i.v.) or by deep intramuscular (i.m.) injection.
Recommended i.m. injection sites are the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus or lateral part of the thigh.
Ceftazidime solutions may be given directly into the vein or introduced into the tubing of a giving set if the patient is receiving parenteral fluids.

Adults
1 to 6 g/day in two or three divided doses by i.v. or i.m. injection.

Urinary tract and less severe infections:
- 500 mg or 1 g every 12 hours.

Most infections:
- 1 g every 8 hours or 2 g every 12 hours.

Very severe infections particularly in immunocompromised patients including those with neutropenia:
- 2 g every eight or 12 hours.

Fibrocystic adults with pseudomonal lung infections:
- 100 to 150 mg/kg/day in three divided doses.

In adults with normal renal function 9 g/day has been used without ill effect.

When used as a prophylactic agent in prostatic surgery, 1 g should be given at the induction of anaesthesia. A second dose should be considered at the time of catheter removal.

Infants and children (greater than 2 months)
30 to 100 mg/kg/day in two or three divided doses.
Doses up to 150 mg/kg/day (maximum 6 g/day) in three divided doses may be given to infected immunocompromised or fibrocystic children or children with meningitis.

Neonates (0 to 2 months)
25 to 60 mg/kg/day in two divided doses.
In neonates, the serum half-life of ceftazidime can be three to four times that in adults.

Elderly
In view of the reduced clearance of ceftazidime in acutely ill elderly patients, the daily dosage should not normally exceed 3 g, especially in those over 80 years of age.

Renal impairment
Ceftazidime is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Therefore, in patients with impaired renal function, the dosage should be reduced.
An initial loading dose of 1 g should be given. Maintenance doses should be based on creatinine clearance as shown in Table 1:

In patients with severe infections the unit dose should be increased by 50% or the dosing frequency increased. In such patients the ceftazidime serum levels should be monitored and trough levels should not exceed 40 mg/l.

In children the creatinine clearance should be adjusted for body surface area or lean body mass.

Haemodialysis

The serum half-life during haemodialysis ranges from 3 to 5 h.
Following each haemodialysis period, the maintenance dose of ceftazidime recommended in the above table should be repeated.

Peritoneal dialysis

Ceftazidime may be used in peritoneal dialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

In addition to intravenous use, ceftazidime can be incorporated into the dialysis fluid (usually 125 to 250 mg for 2 litres of dialysis solution).

For patients in renal failure on continuous arterio-venous haemodialysis or high-flux haemofiltration in intensive therapy untis: 1 g daily either as a single dose or in divided doses. For low-flux haemofiltration, follow the dose recommended under renal impairment.

Method of Administration:
Ceftazidime should be administered by intravenous injection or infusion, or by deep intramuscular injection. Recommended intramuscular injection sites are the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus or lateral part of the thigh. Ceftazidime solutions may be given directly into the vein or introduced into the tubing of a giving set if the patient is receiving parenteral fluids.

The standard recommended route of administration is by intravenous intermittent injection or intravenous continuous infusion. Intramuscular administration should only be considered when the intravenous route is not possible or less appropriate for the patient.

The dose depends on the severity, susceptibility, site and type of infection and on the age and renal function of the patient.

Contraindications

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ceftazidime, to any other cephalosporin or to any of the excipients.

History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g. anaphylactic reaction) to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (penicillins, monobactams and carbapenems).